Intelligent Life Elsewhere In The Universe Likely To Be ‘Exceptionally Rare?

   Scientists at Oxford University's Future of Humanity Institute looked at the evolution of life on Earth to explore the likelihood of the same thing happening elsewhere – suggest that our chances are pretty slim, given just how rare the circumstances were for Life on Earth.
   In a Journal article titled  The Timing of Evolutionary Transitions Suggests Intelligent Life is Rare argues that life on Earth has seen a number of 'major evolutionary transitions', and that some of these have occurred just once in history - suggesting that they were very rare events, and in turn, so is life as we know it. Their suggestions is based solely upon statistic methodology with low probability of events.
   The authors say in the study: "It took approximately 4.5 billion years for a series of evolutionary transitions resulting in intelligent life to unfold on Earth and in another billion years, the increasing luminosity of our Sun will make Earth uninhabitable for complex life”. 
   The research efforts at retracing the chemical Origins of Life attest to the rarity of it possibly being repeated, especially Intelligent Life. 
Their conclusion:
      "In turn, this suggests that intelligent life is likely to be exceptionally rare."
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