BIOMOLECULES  -  hierarchy paradigm that leads structural complexity

elements - C, H, O, N   - ecb/5e-fig 2.5             All elements commonly found in living organisms have outermost shells that are not completely filled with              electrons (red) & can thus participate in chemical reactions with other atoms.              Inert gases (yellow), in contrast, have completely filled outermost shells and are thus chemically unreactive.

stable monomers -  sugars, amino acids, nucleotides  - ecb5e/Panels 2  -4, -6, & -7  [pg72-79]

polymers - carbohydrates, proteins, & nucleic acids - ecb/5e-fig 2.17*

metabolism - complex enzymatic pathways - ecb5e- fig 3.1*

supramolecular complexes - proteosomes, spliceosomes, molecular motors*

organelles - a subcell entity* with specific metabolic function (2b)

cells - basic unit of living systems

organs - brain, heart, muscle, liver, kidney, lungs, skeleton, etc...

organisms - complex living entities exhibiting EMERGENT PROPERTIES

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